What is the primary role of the United Nations Security Council (UNSC)?

The primary role of the United Nations Security Council (UNSC) is to maintain international peace and security. This responsibility is rooted in the UN Charter, which mandates the UNSC to take measures to prevent and resolve conflicts, safeguard nations, and oversee peacekeeping missions. The UNSC has the authority to impose sanctions, authorize military interventions, and facilitate negotiations to address threats to peace.

In the context of global governance, maintaining peace and security is paramount, as conflicts can lead to humanitarian crises, destabilization of regions, and broader international implications. The UNSC's decisions and actions are critical in responding to acts of aggression, civil wars, and terrorist threats, making it integral to the efficacy of international relations.

While other choices touch upon essential aspects of global affairs, such as trade, health, and economic development, these areas fall outside the UNSC's primary focus, which centers specifically on peace and security matters. Thus, option C accurately represents the main function attributed to the UNSC within the framework of international law and diplomatic efforts.