What was a significant outcome of the Treaty of Westphalia in 1648?

The Treaty of Westphalia, signed in 1648, is often credited with laying the groundwork for the modern system of sovereign states. This treaty marked the conclusion of the Thirty Years' War in Europe and addressed various territorial disputes arising from the conflict. One of the most significant outcomes of the Treaty of Westphalia was the recognition of state sovereignty, which established that states have the authority to govern themselves without external interference.

This concept of sovereignty became a cornerstone of international relations, emphasizing that each state has jurisdiction over its territory and domestic affairs. It also paved the way for the development of the modern nation-state system, shaping how political power is distributed and legitimized in international affairs. The principles established by the Treaty of Westphalia continue to influence contemporary discussions on statehood and international relations today.

While establishing global trade agreements, promoting military alliances, and creating international law are important aspects of international relations, these were not the primary outcomes of the Treaty of Westphalia itself. The focus was squarely on the recognition of state sovereignty, which has fundamentally shaped the structure of international politics.