Which entities are classified as non-state actors in international relations?

Non-state actors in international relations refer to entities that play a significant role in influencing global affairs but are not affiliated with any government or nation-state. The choice that identifies NGOs (non-governmental organizations), multinational corporations, and terrorist groups accurately reflects the diverse range of non-state actors.

NGOs are crucial for addressing humanitarian issues, promoting human rights, and advocating for environmental concerns, often operating across borders and influencing policy changes. Multinational corporations hold substantial economic power and can impact international relations through their business operations, lobbying efforts, and investment decisions that can affect local and global economies. Terrorist groups, while generally negative in their impact on international peace and security, are important non-state actors that can destabilize regions and challenge state sovereignty.

In contrast, other options mention entities like government agencies, nations and their military establishments, along with regional organizations and military alliances, all of which are primarily state-centric actors. Therefore, they do not fit the definition of non-state actors as they are directly tied to the governance and military functions of nation-states.